Here are some significant treaties and agreements that have been signed between Nepal and India:
- Sugauli Treaty (1816): This treaty was signed between the British East India Company and the Kingdom of Nepal after the Anglo-Nepalese War (1814-1816). It resulted in Nepal ceding territories in present-day Uttarakhand, Himachal Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh, and parts of Sikkim and West Bengal to British India.
- Treaty of Thapathali (1860): This treaty was signed between Nepal and the British Raj. It defined the current borders between Nepal and India and confirmed Nepal’s sovereignty.
- Treaty of Peace and Friendship (1950): This treaty is one of the most significant agreements between Nepal and India. It established a close and special relationship between the two countries, including provisions for open borders, trade, and diplomatic cooperation.
- Koshi Agreement (1954): This agreement was signed between Nepal and India, addressing issues related to the Koshi River and the construction of the Koshi Barrage.
- Mahakali Treaty (1996): This treaty, also known as the Mahakali River Treaty or the Treaty of Integrated Development of the Mahakali River, was signed to address water resource management and the development of the Mahakali River basin shared by Nepal and India.
- Treaty of Peace and Friendship (2018): This treaty was signed during the visit of Nepal’s Prime Minister to India in 2018. It aimed to enhance bilateral ties, cooperation, and people-to-people contacts between the two countries.
It’s important to note that this list is not exhaustive, and there may be other agreements, memorandums of understanding, and treaties that have been signed between Nepal and India throughout their history.